The first parameter typically measured in water quality tests is oxygen. Oxygen is one of the most important elements to humans. Just like humans and animals, waterbodies also utilize oxygen to survive. In lake and pond management, we use tools to test for dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in the water. If dissolved oxygen levels are low, aquatic life becomes stressed. This usually occurs when excess organic materials, such as large algal blooms, are decomposed by microorganisms.

Like oxygen, ammonia can cause parallel issues in aquatic environments if levels are unbalanced. For example, high levels of ammonia can make fish become lethargic and even cause them to die off. Higher concentrations of ammonia are more likely when dissolved oxygen levels are very low or when the water is polluted. The introduction of floating fountains or submersed aeration systems can help maintain healthy levels of both oxygen and ammonia.

Another parameter measured is phosphorus, another essential element of all living things. However, when in excess, it can cause many systemic changes to the ecosystem such as increased production of algae and aquatic plants, as well as depletion of fish species. How can we stop this from happening and create a balanced ecosystem? Try reducing fertilizer use around your lake or pond and treat phosphorus-laden bottom sediments with nutrient remediation solutions like Alum, Phoslock, or biologicals.

Nitrogen is a similar parameter measured during water quality testing. Nitrogen provides food for plants, algae, fish, and smaller organisms in the water. Nitrogen can enter the water through fertilizer runoff, and when in excess, it can lead to the growth of nuisance aquatic plants and algae, creating an unbalanced ecosystem. To maintain healthy levels of nitrogen, reduce fertilizer runoff to water resources, and implement nutrient remediation solutions when needed. Excess nitrogen levels, along with other elements, can be reduced by repairing erosion damage and establishing a native vegetative buffer and littoral zone that helps filter excess nutrients before they enter the water column.

Another parameter commonly tested is alkalinity. The alkalinity of a waterbody is very important. Think of this in terms of human physiology. Your blood pH should always be balanced to allow enzymes to function effectively. In lakes and ponds, alkalinity is a measure of the waterbody’s ability to neutralize acids and bases, and thus, maintain a stable pH level. If the alkalinity is too low, this can lead to dangerous pH swings, which can become life-threatening to aquatic life. Professional liming is often recommended to increase alkalinity and prevent pH swings.

Knowing the levels of each water quality testing parameter is vital. Through recurring water quality testing and monitoring, aquatic resource experts can develop effective management plans that meet the needs of your waterbody. SOLitude is proud to offer a variety of water quality testing packages, tailored to fit the needs and budget of your waterbody. With insight from our biologists, you can stay ahead of water quality issues and maintain a healthy, beautiful waterbody year after year.